Abstract:

Within the sphere of nature are included all those natural scenes scattered across the earth, sky, and sea: the heavens, clouds, rainbow, sun, moon, stars, lightning, thunder, wind, storm, tempest, ocean, river, lake, pond, waterfall, waves, whirlpools, shores, mountains, valleys, caves, plains, fields, gardens, orchards, lawns, pathways, flowers, fruits, buds, greenery, forests, rocks, mounds, and shrubs. All these become part of nature through the seasons. In addition, all animals, birds, and beasts, the insects crawling in the fields, and the creatures living in water are highlighted in nature under the influence of seasonal changes. In Ahmad Faraz’s poetry, all these manifestations of nature can be seen in the form of metaphors.

Romanized References:

1. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, Tanhā Tanhā, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., p. 47.
2. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., p. 887.
3. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., p. 886.
4. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, Dard‑e Āshob, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., pp. 91–92.
5. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, “Naẓm: Bhūl,” Tanhā Tanhā, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., p. 75.
6. Aḥmad Farāz, Kulliyāt‑e Aḥmad Farāz, Tanhā Tanhā, Lahore: Māvurā Publications, 1998, 1st ed., pp. 21–22.